Longtime Wētā Workshop designer Daniel Falconer presented a treasure trove of thoughts, images, and lore to a gathering of MegaCon Tolkien fans in Orlando this past weekend.
Falconer’s presentation was entitled, “WETA: Delving too Deep? A Tolkien Nerd’s Stories Designing for the Lord of the Rings films,” – but let me tell you, fellow nerds, Falconer delved the PERFECT amount.
The panel was the first time that Wētā Workshop had ever attended MegaCon Orlando, and provided a rare chance for fans of the Lord of the Rings books and movies alike to look at details from the artwork that touched upon all of the history embedded in the appendices of Return of the King.
The design work of these movies has always been some of the most fascinating parts of the production, not just because fans were provided a glimpse behind the scenes via the DVD Extras, but also because it has always been clear that the artists were bent on creating close to the same historic resonances that Tolkien infused into his works.
Falconer asked that we not share photos of any of his slides and I will abide with his request, but I’ll attempt to describe some of the fantastic details as best I can.
The Nine
For example, one of the opening slides that Falconer showed was an extremely important but not often dwelt upon detail: What did the Nine Rings for Mortal Men actually look like?
The Nine actually had two different designs, Falconer said. For the living kings, the rings had a red stone encircled by a spiked crown, and the likeness of each king engraved onto the side of their ring. But the rings changed when they became wraiths, with the design becoming both harsher and simpler. The kings’ engraved likenesses turned from faces to skulls. “But this change is never seen because the wraiths are too bright to show the detail of their rings,” Falconer concluded.
Details like this just kill me. Get ready for some more…
Sting
Falconer said that he was just thrilled when his design for Sting made it onto the screen. The inscription on the blade was done by David Salo, who wrote out the Elvish for “Sting is my name, and I am the spiders’ bane.”
Of course, this caused a bit of a continuity concern for The Hobbit, Falconer said, because Sting would not have the inscription on it BEFORE Bilbo named it Sting. So the design for Sting does not have the inscription when Bilbo finds it. Falconer’s head canon is that Bilbo had the inscription added to the blade during his stay in Rivendell, before Frodo joins him.
Glamdring
Glamdring also caused a few continuity issues, Falconer said, because Gandalf loses his sword and staff at Isengard, but of course he has to have his famous sword for the rest of the films. So the sword that Gandalf carries to Orthanc is a different sword, with a design based on a longsword that John Howe brought with him to New Zealand, with the idea that Gandalf had left Glamdring in the care of Elrond during his trip to visit Saruman.
“It was interesting seeing John talk his way through customs with that longsword,” Falconer said.
Gandalf’s Staffs
It never occurred to me that Gandalf’s staff changes so often during The Hobbit and Lord of the Rings. Of course it changes when he becomes Gandalf the White, but Falconer revealed just how many times Gandalf has to replace his staff: six!
First is the staff that Gandalf uses to inscribe his initials onto the door of Bilbo’s house. He loses it at some point in The Hobbit movies, and Radagast provides Gandalf with his own staff before the Battle of Five Armies. The staff from Battle of Five Armies gets a few rough pointy bits knocked off before Fellowship of the Ring, and that is what Gandalf uses until he visits Saruman in Orthanc.
He loses that staff in Orthanc along with his unnamed “first sword,” and another staff is made in Rivendell before they set out on their quest.
Finally, Gandalf becomes The White and has a staff that is designed around the shape of flame – because he bears Narya, the ring of fire. But he loses this when he confronts the Witch King, and has to make himself one more staff before the end of Return of the King.
Other Wizard Staffs
Falconer showed us the design for the two blue wizards that were initially going to be in the prologue of Fellowship of the Ring, before they were cut. The designs were much more astrological and Eastern looking than the staffs of Gandalf, Radagast, or Saruman.
(Wētā, if you’re reading this, a 25th anniversary “Concept Art of The Fellowship of the Ring” book should definitely contain all of these unused bits of concept art. Please!)
A Look Around Rivendell
Falconer then took us through all of the wonderful historic frescos and objects that Elrond (“A pack rat,” Falconer said) kept around Rivendell.
Sauron’s Missing Ring
Falconer mentioned that Alan Lee painted the mural of Isildur battling Sauron at The Last Alliance for Fellowship of the Ring, but when the mural was brought back for The Hobbit, someone noticed that Sauron did not actually have the One Ring on his finger – Alan Lee painted it in just in time for filming it in The Hobbit, but if you look closely at this mural in Fellowship, it’s still missing.
(As an aside, Falconer said that Rivendell in general had a kind of “Elven magic,” very little set continuity, but somehow it all worked.)
Celebrimbor
Celebrimbor the ring-forger is presented in a that shows him forging one of the Three Rings. But another of the murals in Rivendell resembles the ruins of Celebrimbor’s great Second Age city, Ost-in-Edhel in Eregion, which the Fellowship walks through before encountering the Crebain.
“I asked Alan Lee whether the painting was of Ost-in-Edhel, and he said, ‘Could be,’ so I never really had it verified,” Falconer said.
Gil-galad
Elrond also carefully kept and displayed the shield of Gil-galad after his death at the Last Alliance. Gil-galad’s crest, as drawn by Tolkien, shows a number of four-pointed white stars on a field of blue; the artists took inspiration from this and created livery and a shield that mirrored the crest.
“Elrond also has Gil-galad’s crown on display, but he must not have been thinking too hard about it, because it’s upside down,” Falconer said, showing a picture of Mark Ferguson’s Gil-galad wearing the crown in the other direction.
Aeglos, “Snow-tip” in Sindarin Elvish, the spear of Gil-galad, was designed by Falconer’s colleague at WĒTĀ whose name I was unable to catch (“Incidentally the best man at my wedding,” Falconer said). The inscription on the blade is:
Gil-galad wields a well-made spear
The Orc will fear my point of ice
When he sees me, in fear of death
He will know my name:
Aeglos
Aragorn’s hunting knife is made to echo the design of Aeglos, and has a portion of this inscription on it too.
Arwen (and Idril’s) sword, Hadhafang
Also on display in Rivendell is the sword that was originally designed for Arwen. Here is where my own inner Tolkien geek felt a wash of joy: the sword was designed to be an heirloom from Gondolin, specifically from the princess of that realm, Idril.
Here’s the history: Turgon son of Fingolfin was king of Beleriand’s hidden city of Gondolin. His daughter was Idril Celebrindal. She is better known in Lord of the Rings as Elrond’s grandmother, however. She married the human Tuor and had one son, Ëarendil, who eventually bore the Silmaril on his airship Vingilot; but before that, Ëarendil married Elwing of Doriath and became the dad of Elrond and Elros.
And somehow, Elrond preserved his grandmother’s sword through the third Kinslaying at Sirion, his kidnapping by the sons of Fëanor, the War of Wrath, the drowning of his entire birth country of Beleriand, and finally through a long journey East toward Middle-earth, where he eventually uses it in several battles including the Last Alliance — before he gives it to his daughter.
The inscription on the sword reads, “This blade is called Hadhafang, a noble defense against the enemy throng for a noble lady.” If this inscription was put there by Idril, she had more foresight than just building a secret tunnel out of Gondolin, because “noble lady” translates directly to the word “AR-WEN.”
Amazing, learning this detail alone justified my entire con experience!
Two figures on a boat
Given that this Rivendell mural displayed TWO figures on a boat instead of ONE figure and a BIRD on a boat, I can assume that this is Idril and Tuor aboard the boat Eärramë, off to vanish into the West. I did not get to verify this with Falconer, however.
The Scepter of Annúminas
Why does Aragorn wear a wingéd helm during his coronation instead of a crown? It’s because there isn’t a crown.
Elrond keeps the actual indicator of Aragorn’s kingship, the Scepter of Annúminas, at Rivendell because he’s the keeper of all the important Dunedaín artifacts until there’s a king of unified Gondor and Arnor again. He brings it to Aragorn upon the midsummer wedding of Aragorn and Arwen.
Elrond’s Telescope
This detail slew me. “Elrond has a telescope because his father is a star,” Falconer said. The telescope was a gorgeous and graceful fall of art nouveau lines, decorated with a small paean to Varda, or Elbereth, the Valar who created the stars.
Gimli and the Caves of Aglarond
Falconer showed us concept art of the Caves of Aglarond beneath Helm’s Deep. He said that one of the original endings to Return of the King showed Gimli’s life post-quest, as the lord of Aglarond. The art department created a jeweler’s glass for him to use while at work on the gems of these caves.
“But we had plenty of endings already,” Falconer said.
Falconer also showed us details of the Book of Mazarbul from the Mines of Moria, based on Tolkien’s own drawing of the cover. Incidentally, Tolkien wanted his own illustration of it to be in Fellowship of the Ring, but it proved to be too costly for Unwin & Allen to publish.
Edoras
Falconer showed close-ups of the hangings from around Meduseld. The hangings are scenes from the history of the Horse-lords. (If you are at all interested, this history is nicely summarized in Unfinished Tales Part II: Chapter 3.)
I noticed Scatha the Worm fighting Fram, and Eorl the Young pledging his friendship to Cirion the Steward of Gondor, among other moments.
Knights of Dol Amroth
We got to see some of the original concept art for the Knights of Dol Amroth. These were not used in the movies, but the banner (a swan and a ship, argent, on a blue field) shows up at the Battle of Pelennor Field.
“These were some of the first pen-and-ink drawings we did in the days before Photoshop, and we’d all played Dungeons and Dragons, so the designs were straight out of the rulebook from the 80s,” Falconer said.
“Elves are Art Nouveau, Dwarves are Art Deco”
You’ve probably seen the meme around the internet that proclaims that the way to tell the difference between the Art Nouveau and Art Deco styles are via their Tolkien race.
I asked Falconer if he was aware that Wētā actually set the agenda for this meme.
“I have seen that meme, but for a little while, Elves were going to be Art Deco with lots of angles and points. And even before that, we took inspiration from Moorish design,” Falconer said.
“So when did the trend toward Art Nouveau begin for the Elves?”
“Probably when Alan Lee designed those columns.”
So there you have it.
Please return
There was a lot more to Falconer’s panel — about the continuity of Gollum, different types of Ents, and the shape of the Fell Beasts — but I think I’d better just leave us all wanting to see it again.
We’ll get to see everyone from Wētā over here again soon, right?!
